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UID:20240509T110450EDT-6776Hrp2bU@132.216.177.157
DTSTAMP:20240509T150450Z
DESCRIPTION:The Feindel Brain and Mind Seminar Series will advance the visi
 on of Dr. William Feindel (1918–2014)\, Former Director of the Neuro (1972
 –1984)\, to constantly bridge the clinical and research realms. The talks 
 will highlight the latest advances and discoveries in neuropsychology\, co
 gnitive neuroscience\, and neuroimaging.\n\nSpeakers will include scientis
 ts from across The Neuro\, as well as colleagues and collaborators locally
  and from around the world. The series is intended to provide a virtual fo
 rum for scientists and trainees to continue to foster interdisciplinary ex
 changes on the mechanisms\, diagnosis and treatment of brain and cognitive
  disorders.\n\n\nTo attend in person\, register here\n\nTo watch via Vimeo
 \, click here\n\n\nKentaro Miyamoto\n\nTeam Leader\, RIKEN Center for Brai
 n Science\, Japan\n\nHost: justine.clery [at] mcgill.ca (Justine Clery)\n
 \nAbstract: Predicting and comparing the problem-solving abilities of self
  and others is important for people cooperating in social settings to solv
 e difficult problems. However\, the neural mechanisms that enable prospect
 ive monitoring of self and others' abilities prior to problem-solving beha
 viour in social settings are not well understood. In the first half of thi
 s talk\, I will present our research that has revealed the neural basis of
  the ability to predict one's own probability of success in a cognitive ta
 sk prior to performing it. We designed a new task in which subjects are si
 multaneously presented with a task option that is difficult but always rew
 arding if they make correct perceptual judgments (internal probability opt
 ion) and a task option that is easy and almost never fails but provides a 
 probability of reward probabilistically (external probability option). Bot
 h human participants and macaque monkeys were asked to choose the task opt
 ion with the highest likelihood of reward. We found that the alPFC (area 4
 7) was activated in response to the prediction of internal probability in 
 humans by functional MRI. The brain regions identified are evolutionarily 
 novel and particularly well-developed in humans. Although the macaque brai
 n has no anatomically homologous area with human alPFC\, we found that the
  vlPFC (area 45) was involved in predicting the internal probability inste
 ad. Furthermore\, non-invasive manipulation of vlPFC activity using transc
 ranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) had an effect on the ability for the p
 rospective comparisons. The results suggest that vlPFC is an evolutionary 
 origin of prospective monitoring ability\, a prediction of one's abilities
  prior to problem-solving behaviour that is prominent in humans. In the se
 cond half of the talk\, I will present our research that has revealed the 
 neural basis of the prospective monitoring ability to predict and compare 
 performance on a perceptual task by oneself and others. We designed a new 
 task in which participants were asked to compare a task option in which th
 ey were rewarded if they answered the task correctly (self task) and a tas
 k option in which they were rewarded if others answered the task correctly
  (others' task). We also found that the human alPFC (area 47) plays an imp
 ortant role in predicting and comparing the performance of others with the
  self. These results suggest that primates rely on neural circuits with a 
 hub in the anterior and ventral lateral prefrontal cortex to monitor their
  own and others' abilities and to determine their future behaviour.\n
DTSTART:20240513T170000Z
DTEND:20240513T180000Z
LOCATION:De Grandpre Communications Centre\, Montreal Neurological Institut
 e\, CA\, QC\, Montreal\, H3A 2B4\, 3801 rue University
SUMMARY:Feindel Brain and Mind Seminar Series: Neural Circuits for Predicti
 on and Comparisons of the Chance of Success Between the Self and Others fo
 r Future Decision Making in Primates
URL:https://www.mcgill.ca/channels/channels/event/feindel-brain-and-mind-se
 minar-series-neural-circuits-prediction-and-comparisons-chance-success-355
 329
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